Rules Analysis
USAU 2022-23 Rules
17. Violations and Fouls
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17.I
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Fouls (3.C): It is the responsibility of all players to avoid contact in every way possible.

Avoid contact in every way reasonably possible, while still playing ultimate. Some contact is inevitable, but players have an affirmative obligation to make reasonable efforts to avoid contact.

17.I.4
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Some fouls carry some extra provisions, as listed below.

This rule was changed from the previous rulebook version
This rule was added from the previous rulebook version
This rule has updates in the next rulebook version
17.I.4.b

Receiving Fouls:

17.I.4.b
Children
1
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17.I.4.b.1

If a player contacts an opponent while the disc is in the air and thereby interferes with that opponent's attempt to make a play on the disc, that player has committed a receiving foul. Some amount of incidental contact before, during, or immediately after the attempt often is unavoidable and is not a foul.

The opponent must at least begin an attempt to make a play on the disc. The opponent's "attempt to make a play on the disc" includes any second efforts after a disc is tipped, if the disc has not become uncatchable. Incidental contact, by definition, is not a foul.

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17.I.4.b.2

If 17.C.3.b.1 of the Continuation Rule applies: if the call is uncontested, the fouled player gains possession at the spot on the playing field closest to the spot of the infraction. If the foul is contested, the disc reverts to the thrower.

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17.I.4.b.3

The Principle of Verticality: All players have the right to enter the air space immediately above their torso to make a play on a thrown disc. If non-incidental contact occurs in the airspace immediately above a player before the outcome of the play is determined (e.g., before possession is gained or an incomplete pass is effected), it is a foul on the player entering the vertical space of the other player.

If the disc is caught (or rendered uncatchable) before contact occurs, then the outcome of the play is determined already and the contact is not an infraction of this rule.

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17.I.4.b.4

Force-out Foul: If an airborne player catches the disc and is contacted by an opposing player before landing, and that contact causes the player to land out-of-bounds instead of in-bounds, or out of the end zone instead of in the end zone, it is a foul on the opposing player and the fouled player retains possession at the spot of the foul. If an uncontested force-out foul results in an in-bounds player landing outside the end zone being attacked when they would have landed in the end zone without the foul, a goal is awarded.

17.I.4.b
Associates
USAU 2020-21 Rules
17.I.4.b

Receiving Fouls:

USAU 11th Edition Rules
16.H.3.b

Receiving Fouls: